symbol explained

Em Dash

The long dash used to break a sentence — like this.

Unicode
U+2014
HTML entity
—

Try Em Dash

Edit the text, then change the font and size.

Preview
We shipped on Friday — barely.
Font
28px

The short answer

What does Em Dash mean?

The long dash used to break a sentence — like this. Editorial writing where a comma is too weak and a colon too formal.

Background

Where it comes from

The em dash is Unicode U+2014, historically as wide as the capital M of the type size in use. It is longer than the en dash – (U+2013) and the hyphen-minus -, and the three are not interchangeable in careful typesetting.

In conversation

How to use it

Editorial writing where a comma is too weak and a colon too formal. Copy the character itself when you need plain text that can be searched, selected and pasted like a letter.

Realistic examples

Em Dash in a sentence

We shipped on Friday — barely.
The plan — and everyone agreed — was simpler.
One rule — keep it readable.

Tone & nuance

What it communicates

A confident editorial pause. It breaks a sentence more sharply than a comma while staying less formal than a colon or a pair of parentheses.

Easily confused

Characters that look like

These are separate characters. However similar they render, they sort, search and compare differently — which is why pasting the wrong one is so easy to miss.

  • En dash

    U+2013

    Half the width, and used for ranges: 1914–18. Substituting one for the other is the most common dash error there is.

  • Hyphen-minus

    U+002D

    The key on the keyboard. It joins compound words and is far too short to break a sentence.

  • Horizontal bar

    U+2015

    A quotation dash used to introduce dialogue in several languages. Longer, and not a sentence break.

For developers

in code

Each value is generated from the character itself, so it stays correct even where a file encoding cannot hold the symbol directly.

Code formats for Em Dash
FormatValueWhen to use itCopy
UnicodeU+2014The standard reference. Use it to search a character map or a spec.
HTML (hex)—For HTML and XML. Safe in files that are not saved as UTF-8.
HTML (decimal)—The same reference in decimal. Both render identically.
CSS\2014For the content property. Keep the quotes around the whole value.
JavaScript\u{2014}A string-literal escape. Needs the u flag inside a regular expression.
URL-encoded%E2%80%94Percent-encoded UTF-8, for query strings and API requests.

Common questions

Em Dash FAQ

What does the em dash — mean?

The long dash used to break a sentence — like this. Editorial writing where a comma is too weak and a colon too formal.

How do I type —?

The fastest way is the copy button on this page, which puts — on the clipboard on its own, without a label or a stray space. To insert it by hand, use the code point U+2014. In HTML you can write — instead of pasting the character. Windows Character Map and the macOS Emoji & Symbols viewer both let you search for it by name.

Will — look the same everywhere?

— is plain text, not an image, so it takes on the font, size and colour of the words around it while keeping the code point U+2014 wherever it is pasted. A font with limited coverage can substitute a different glyph or show an empty box, and some apps restyle certain symbols as coloured emoji, so preview it in the app and theme your readers will actually use.

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